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浏阳花炮
浏阳县属中国中部的湖南省,是中国花炮的传统重点产区。这里生产的花炮以其独特的工艺、美观的造型、鲜艳的花色、响亮的声音、精美的装潢和浓郁的传统色彩而享誉世界。
浏阳花炮创制于1740年,生产历史悠久。到1870年前后,浏阳的花炮生产已发展为当地一项重要的手工行业,达到家家户户都会制造花炮的盛况。据记载,当时的最高年产量曾达25万箱(每箱10万响),除畅销全国各地外,还出口到日本、印度等二十多个国家和地区。到20世纪五十年代,随着较大规模花炮厂的建立,浏阳花炮业的发展进入了一个新阶段。匠师们在继承传统工艺技术的基础上,精益求精,开发出一系列花色新颖的新产品。现在,浏阳花炮的年产量已达50万箱,其中约有40%的产品供应国内市场,60%的产品远销海外。
作为传统的手工业产品,浏阳花炮的生产工序复杂,技术要求很高。产品一般要经过裁纸、卷筒子、贴红皮、装底泥、灌硝药、筑黄泥、钻眼、插引线等多道工序,最后才编结、包装。在种类上,浏阳花炮按照形制大致可分为“平头”、“牛口”、“寸金”以及“大炮”、“烟花”五类,共190多个品种。
Liuyang Fireworks
Liuyang, a small city in Central China's Hunan Province, is China's largest fireworks production base. Its fireworks are famous far and wide for their unique technics, exquisite shape, bright color, clangorous detonation sound and rich culture.
The history of Liuyang fireworks dates back to the year 1740. It reached its peak in the 1870s during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) and developed into a main handicraft industry. During the Yongzheng reign of the Qing Dynasty, Liuyang fireworks became an article of tribute to the royal families. Firework workshops boomed at that time, with nine out of ten households engaged in that line of trade and fireworks began to be exported more than 20 countries and regions.
After the founding of new China, the fireworks industry in Liuyang turned a new leaf of rapid development. Now the annual output of fireworks amounts to 500,000 trunks, 60% of which is exported overseas. Liuyang also boasts China's first fireworks school and the world's first fireworks company to be listed on the stock market.
The manufacturing process of Liuyang fireworks is quite complicated, with high requirement of technology. At present, Liuyang has 190-odd kinds of fireworks, which are exported to more than 100 countries and regions. Now in Japan, South Korea, India, Iran, Britain and the United States, people can enjoy the splendor of Liuyang fireworks on their special occasions.