您现在的位置：关于中国 About China / 中国旅游 Chinese Travel / 地方特产 Local Color 四川蜀绣 蜀绣是中国四大名绣之一，也称“川绣”，它是以四川成都为中心的刺绣产品的总称。四川省位于中国的西部，素来被称为“天府之国”，这里不仅盛产稻米，也是中国另一桑蚕业的发达地区。 蜀绣的生产具有悠久的历史。早在汉代（公元前206年～公元220年），蜀绣之名就已誉满天下，汉朝政府还在成都专门设置了“锦官”进行管理。汉以后至五代十国时期（公元907～960年），四川相对安定的局面为蜀绣的发展创造了有利的条件，社会需求的不断增大，刺激了蜀绣业的飞速发展。到了宋代（公元960～1279年），蜀绣的发展达到鼎盛时期，绣品在工艺、产销量和精美程度上都独步天下。清朝（公元1644～1911年）中叶以后，蜀绣逐渐形成行业，当时各县官府均设“劝工局”以鼓励蜀绣生产。新中国成立后，在四川省建立了成都蜀绣厂，使蜀绣工艺的发展进入了一个新阶段，技术上不断创新，品种日益增多。1981年，蜀绣作品参加了在美国费城举办的四川省出口商品展览会，深受外国友人的赞誉。 蜀绣起源于川西民间，在长期的发展过程中，由于受地理环境、风俗习惯、文化艺术等方面的影响，逐渐形成了严谨细腻、光亮平整、构图疏朗、浑厚圆润、色彩明快的独特风格。蜀绣作品的选材丰富，有花草树木、飞禽走兽、山水鱼虫、人物肖像等。针法包括12大类共122种，常用的针法有晕针、铺针、滚针、截针、掺针、沙针、盖针等，讲究“针脚整齐，线片光亮，紧密柔和，车拧到家”。绣品的种类繁多，包括被面、枕套、衣、鞋和画屏等，既有巨幅条屏，又有袖珍小件，是观赏性与实用性兼备的精美艺术品。 Sichuan Shu Embroidery Sichuan, located in west China, is known as the "Land of Abundance", not only rich in rice and also famous for its sericiculture. Shu embroidery (Shu is the shortened form of Sichuan), also called "Chuan embroidery", is one of the four famous embroidery styles in China. It has enjoyed high reputation as "a treasure of Sichuan" ever since the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD). The craft of Shu embroidery reached its peak during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). In the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), many embroidery workshops were set up. After the founding of new China in 1949, Shu embroidery craft was greatly improved and it developed various new kinds. Shu embroidery is renowned for its superb workmanship, smooth and bright in quality. It has strong expression and artistic effect. The features of it are said as "fine and smooth needlework, simple and elegant colors, graceful and easy lines and the traditional Chinese paintings' style ". Its needling characteristics lie in "the even stitches, bright threads, closeness and softness in texture, and both centrifugal and centripetal needling". The embroidery takes locally-produced colorful satin and threads as its materials. The unique designs on Shu embroidery include flowers, birds, landscapes, fish, worms and human figures. Its products include pillowcases, embroidered slippers, mirror curtain, lace, wedding dress, scroll, hats and shoes, skirts, quilt facing, etc. It mainly employs the themes of auspicious happiness.